Alterations in the structure of patients with acute limb arterial ischemia

• Khorev N.G.
• Sapelkin S.V.
• Beller A.V.
• Chichvarov A.A.

Abstract

Background. In the structure of surgical events, acute limb ischemia is a cause of death in 25–30% of patients.

Objective. The present study was aimed at examining the structure of patients with lower and upper limb acute ischemia in the Barnaul urban agglomeration.

Patients and methods. We analyzed a total of 1,366 patients presenting with arterial embolism or limb thrombosis within 14 days after the onset of the acute event and hospitalized to the Department of Vascular Surgery during 2000–2018. The epidemiological index of acute limb ischemia amounted to 10.1 per 100 thousand people per year, being comparable with the data of the international statistics. Of these, 865 patients were hospitalized during 2000–2010, and 501 during 2011–2018.

Results. Comparing the groups demonstrated an increased number of hospitalizations of women (from 4.6 to 5.3 per 100 thousand/year) in the structure of all patients with acute ischemia, a statistically significant decrease in the number of patients with arterial thromboses, and an increase in the number of those admitted with arterial embolisms. We revealed a tendency to a decrease in the overall number of hospitalized patients and an increase in the number of patients with stage II–III arterial ischemia, with upper limb ischemia diagnosed significantly more often (from 1.4. to 3.2 per 100 thousand/year).

Conclusion. Along with a trend towards a decrease in the total number of hospitalized patients with acute limb ischemia, we revealed an increase in the number of patients with acute limb ischemia in the presence of arterial embolism and a decreased number of patients with acute arterial thrombosis.

Keywords:acute limb ischemia; arterial thrombosis; arterial embolism; epidemiology; acute arterial pathology

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