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Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in the zone of distal anastomosis in experiment on laboratory animals

Abstract

Neointimal hyperplasia is one of the leading factors of thrombosis of arteriovenous shunts. Search for ways of inhibiting its development is currently an important task for vascular surgery. This study was aimed at investigating the periadventitial effect of paclitaxel on the development of neointimal hyperplasia in the area of an arterial anastomosis in an experiment on laboratory animals.

The authors worked out and experimentally tested on laboratory animals a method of multicomponent pharmacologically active covering of the zone of a surgical anastomosis. The method consists in coating the zone of vascular anastomosis with a semitransparent membrane containing the cytostatic agent. Two months after the operation, we compared the findings of the histological examination of the anastomosis zone with and without application of the cytostatic agent. Owing to an external hydrophobic layer in the proposed method of application, no cytostatic action of the agent in the surrounding tissues was found, with the experimental specimens showing significantly decreased signs of neointimal hyperplasia and thrombosis as compared with the controls.

The proposed technique of multicomponent covering of a surgical anastomosis with the cytostatic agent using a semitransparent membrane demonstrated efficacy and safety in an experiment and may be of interest for clinical studies in order to increase the duration of patency of vascular reconstruction zones.

Keywords:atherosclerosis; intimal hyperplasia; neointimal hyperplasia; experimental operation; revascularization; arterial reconstruction; paclitaxel

Funding. The study had no financial support.

Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Authors’ contribution. Study conception and design – Kazakov Yu.I., Lukin I.B.; data collection and handling – Lukin I.B.; statistical processing – Lukin I.B.; manufacturing of a semipermeable membrane – Belyakova M.B.; conducting experimental operations – Lukin I.B., Ivanova O.V., Soloviev V.A., Lukin V.I.; anesthesiological support – Federyakin D.V.; postoperative observation, care of laboratory animals – Soloviev V.A., Lukin V.I.; histological examination of the material – Guskova O.N.; draft manuscript preparation – Lukin I.B.; manuscript revision – Kazakov Yu.I., Ivanova O.V.

For citation: Kazakov Yu.I., Lukin I.B., Federyakin D.V., Ivanova O.V., Guskova O.N., Belyakova M.B., Soloviev V.A., Lukin V.I. Inhibition of intimal hyperplasia in the zone of distal anastomosis in experiment on laboratory animals. Angiology and Vascular Surgery. Journal named Academician A.V. Pokrovsky. 2022; 28 (2): 19–26. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33029/1027-6661-2022-28-2-19-26 (in Russian)

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Akchurin Renat Suleymanovich

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Deputy General Director for Surgery, Head of the Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Medical Research Center for Cardiology named after Academician E.I. Chazov, President of the Russian Society of Angiologists and Vascular Surgeons

In accordance with the decision of the Presidium of the Russian Society of Angiologists and Vascular Surgeons, the journal "Angiology and Vascular Surgery" will be named after Academician A.V. Pokrovsky starting from No. 2/2022.